Ausubel’s Expository Teaching Model Essay -- Ausubel Expository Teachi

Ausubel’s Expository Teaching Model Highly abstract concepts, such as jurisprudence and sovereignty, oftentimes cause high school students much struggle when trying to thoroughly understand such conceptual ideas. To teach these theoretical concepts, one must not only equivalently utilize David Ausubel’s Expository teaching model, but also retain an overall knowledge of other valuable strategies related to Ausubels’s model (Woolfolk, 2004, p. 281). To Ausubel, the most significant idea is that of the advance organizer, a statement of introduction that aids students in organizing the information about to be presented. Also to a teacher’s benefit are the ideas needed to form a concept, such as exemplars, defining features, irrelevant features, non-examples, and prototypes. Introducing the advance organizer, presenting ideas in terms of specific examples, and linking the content back to the advance organizer is Ausubel’s model for expository teaching (Woolfolk, 2004, p. 283).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ausubel’s expository teaching primarily focuses on teaching general ideas to comprehend one specific concept, otherwise known as deductive reasoning. His approach always begins with an advance organizer (Woolfolk, 2004, p. 282). This statement aids in priming the students for the context and idea about to be described. It will help in developing schemas, or organizing information, and helps direct all attention to the key ideas coming from the material being presented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first of the two types of organizer is the expository organizer, which primarily focuses the introduction of new material. The second is the comparative organizer, which compares old and new information resulting in students accessing schemas already in their working memory, otherwise know as the â€Å"temporary storage of information that is being processed in a range of cognitive tasks† (Woolfolk, 2004, p. 242). An expository lesson must always elaborate on the advance organizer. Connecting the information back to the organizer should also be utilized in completing the lesson. Identifying qualities such as defining features (required features), exemplars (actual instances), irrelevant features (often present but not relevant), and non-examples will all assist in creating a prototype, or an ideal example, to aid in grasping the concept. The goal is the ability to take the concept and relate it back to th... ...and trees to compare by non-examples. My instructor concluded his lesson by highlighting his organizer and repeating the idea that abstract ideas were all symbols of something. Abstractions are not an actual object itself, as opposed to concrete ideas that are material and solid.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The expository method can be ideal for teaching abstract concepts such as jurisprudence and sovereignty to high school students within a limited amount of time. Through first naming the concept and giving the definition, as well as applying tools such as the advance organizer, a teacher will gain the students attention and allow them to organize their ideas in order to make connections. When teaching a concept, it is best to keep in mind that students will respond most when a concept is taught in a way that is useful and efficient versus being taught in a manner geared only towards answering exam questions. By extending and connecting the concepts in these significant ways, students will be able to focus on the meaning and not on memorization. Sources Cited: http://dictionary.com http://plato.stanford.edu Woolfolk, A. (2004). Educational Psychology (9th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Dominic: Light of the Church Reflection Paper Essay

Dominic was born in a world of turmoil. There was a war and famine was widespread. The conflict between the Christians and the Moors worsens the suffering conditions of the hungry of food and thirsty of hope. Amidst it all, Dominic learned at a young age about love and sacrifice for others. He had a heart for the poor which led him to do selfless acts. He was so selfless that he would give everything to those who asked for his help. He gave away his money and sold his clothes, furniture and even precious manuscripts to feed the hungry. He struggled to find a cure for the despair of the people in his homeland. Dominic was influenced by his mother who was a very pious woman. She was the one who introduced Jesus and Mary to Dominic. Another was Bishop Diego de Acevedo. He was the bishop of Osma and convinced Dominic to come with him to their parish. Dominic happily obliged and the two became very close with each other. A few years later, Dominic accompanied Bishop Diego on a diplomatic mission for Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, namely to secure a bride in Denmark for crown prince Ferdinand. There, Dominic and Diego encountered the Cathars, a Christian religious sect with Gnostic and dualistic beliefs, which the Roman Catholic Church deemed heretical. The Cathari skewed Christian doctrines and they profess it to people of dying hopes. The people, having lost their way, believed in what the Cathari said, distancing themselves from the Church. Thus, Dominic’s mission began. He established â€Å"The Oder of Preachers† or more popularly known as the Dominican Order. There were four pillars of the Dominican life and they are (1) prayer, (2) study, (3) community, and (4) preaching. In the movie, prayer was a very important part of the Order. When they were going to eat supper, Dominic was shocked to learn that his brothers had not yet prayed. One of them replied, â€Å"But, Father, there is nothing to eat.† He answered them, â€Å"Then that is not a reason for us not to pray.† Dominic implied to his brothers that in comfort or in suffering, we must pray. His brothers (followers) were also well educated to prepare them for their preaching outside of the Order. The Order was a community. They prayed together, shared thoughts with each other and respected one another. At times, disputes would arise but they would quickly make amends. Preaching, in the movie, was seen very clearly. There were many scenes that included preaching of St. Dominic. One is when he was teaching children about the Holy Trinity. Dominican preaching always had its edge from preaching of others. Dominicans, like their founder, St. Dominic de Guzman, preached with love and true service to others. They don’t pamper themselves with material things and led very simple lives. They go from one house to another to preach the Good News. As a young person, I could bring and share the Gospel of Jesus to others by being a good role model. I can show to everyone that living a life that follows God’s will is definitely much better than living life the way you want to. I could also bring and share the Gospel of Jesus through counselling my peers whenever they are in trouble. The movie really moved me and my classmates to tears. It was very effective in introducing St. Dominic to the young people today. â€Å"He deserved it.†, said Fr. Christopher Aytona, OP during The Light behind the Scenes. I, too, think that way. Dominic emerged from being a simple man to establishing his own organization. It was amazing how he founded the Order of Preachers. I think he established the Order because he wanted to share to others what the Lord has given him. Of course, he can’t do it himself so he asked for help. He wanted God’s love to reach others through him. Dominic was a very simple, kind, and gentle person. I learned from the movie that you must not take for granted what you have right now. You must also not aspire for more than what you have. I remember watching a cartoon about Abraham and Isaac. In the last scene when Abraham was told by God not to kill his son, he was very happy. Isaac then asked his father what they would offer since Isaac was not really going to be sacrificed. Then, they saw a lamb nearby and Abraham with tears in his eyes said, â€Å"God always provides.† I remembered that while I was watching the life of St. Dominic. He and Fr. Diego called it, â€Å"Divine Providence†. God always provides. Our life is more than enough to be thankful for. I also learned that helping others require sacrifice. You must be prepared of the consequences that may come but you will never go astray if you put your belief and trust in God. And finally, I learned to love myself. God loves me and He wants me to cherish myself. In Cor. 6:19-20, â€Å"Do you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit within you, which you have received from God, and that you are not on your own? For you were bought at a price; therefore glorify God in your body.†

Civil Disobedience Definition

The extremely simplified definition of civil disobedience given by Webster†s Dictionary is â€Å"nonviolent opposition to a law through refusal to comply with it, on grounds of conscience. † Thoreau in â€Å"Civil Disobedience† and Martin Luther King in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† both argue that laws thought of as unjust in one†s mind should not be adhered to. In Herman Melville†s â€Å"Bartleby,† a man named Bartleby is thought of by many to be practicing civil disobedience. His actions are nonviolent, and he refuses to comply with anything his boss says. But his behavior has nothing to do with morals. Bartleby is merely a lonely guy who does not wish to work and has nothing to do with civil disobedience. Thoreau says that if injustice â€Å"is of such a nature that it requires you to be the agent of injustice to another, then I say break the law† (Jacobus 134). He is personally giving permission for an individual to ignore anything he or she finds morally unacceptable. However, in â€Å"Bartleby,† Bartleby†s boss places no unjust laws and assigns no unjust work. He simply asks Bartleby to do easy tasks such as, â€Å"when those papers are all copied, I will compare them with you†, or, â€Å"just step around the Post Office, won†t you? And see if there is anything for me† (Melville 116). The boss, who is also the narrator, never requests Bartleby to perform any difficult chores. Martin Luther King, Jr. â€Å"s interpretation of an unjust law is, â€Å"a code that a numerical or power majority group compels a minority group to obey but does not make binding on itself† (Jacobus 159). The injustice described here by King also does not match the characterization of Bartleby†s boss. Bartleby needs no civil disobedience since nothing could be considered unjust in the boss†s management. Even if an unjust act were placed against Bartleby, he would not have had any cares about the injustice. He was a man who needed a place to live and chose to be a law-copyist. He has no desire to do any work and no desire to interact with other humans. Anytime an order was given, the same response would reply from Bartleby†s mouth: â€Å"I would prefer not to† (Melville). Bartleby did not weigh the issues of morality and immorality in his assignments. He just does not want to deal with others. When asked to look over some work with Turkey and Nipping, he refuses. His boss offers him a home, and he refuses this as well. The ending footnote to â€Å"Bartleby† states that Bartleby†s previous profession was a subordinate clerk in the Dead Letters Office in Washington. The dead letters he handled had no association to any living person. Bartleby was accustomed to working at a place where dealing with man is unnecessary. As Thoreau says, â€Å"Dead letters! Does it not sound like dead men? † (Melville 140). Bartleby has no connection with civil disobedience. King and Thoreau†s ideas of what civil disobedience is do not match up with the actions of Bartleby. Bartleby was not trying to make a statement against unjust laws by not abiding by them. He was just a loner. All his refusals to do what was ordered stemmed from his need to be separated from humanity. Bartleby only wanted to live by himself with nothing but his own thoughts to deal with.

Marketing Survey Form Essay

We are Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management students currently conducting a feasibility study with regard for a proposed foodservice business venture entitled as Silog Express which will offer variety of silog dishes like tapsilog, adsilog, chicksilog, embosilog, porksilog, etc. It will be located in front of Tomas Del Rosario College, San Jose, Balanga City, in partial fulfilment of our course requirement HRMG-413B Feasibility Study with Thesis. Due this, we prepared this questionnaire to gather necessary information which will be very beneficial to our study. May we request you to provide the necessary information for each of the following questions. Rest assured that any details provided will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Thank you very much! -Researchers Name (Optional): ____________________________ ____________ Gender: ________ Address/University/Company: ____________________________ ________ Age: ________ Put a check mark on the space provided for your answer. 1. Where you do usually ate breakfast? ( ) at home ( ) canteen ( ) restaurant/fast food others: ______ 2. Where you do usually ate lunch? ( ) at home ( ) canteen ( ) restaurant/fast food others: ______ 3. Where you do usually ate dinner? ( ) at home ( ) canteen ( ) restaurant/fast food others: ______ 4. How often do you eat at any restaurants/fast foods here in Balanga? ( ) twice a day ( ) daily ( ) weekly ( ) twice a week others: ______ 5. How much is your daily allowance? ( ) Php100 ( ) Php120 ( ) Php150 ( ) Php200 ( ) Php250 others: ______ 6. How much do you usually spent for food when eating in a fast food/restaurant here in Balanga? ( ) Php30-40 ( ) Php40-50 ( ) Php50-60 ( ) Php60-70 ( ) Php70-80 others: 7. Are you familiar with tapsilog, hamsilog, tosilog, chicksilog, porksilog, etc.? ( ) Yes ( ) No 8. Do you eat silog dishes? ( ) Yes ( ) No 9. How often do you eat silogs? ( ) daily ( ) weekly ( ) twice a week ( ) thrice a week others: ____ 10. Have you ever experience dining in a silog food service? ( ) Yes ( ) No 11. Where have you tasted/experienced silogs? ( ) at home ( ) school canteens ( ) fast foods others: ____________ 12. In what meal do you think silog will most be eaten. ( ) breakfast ( ) lunch ( ) merienda ( ) dinner 13. Choose at least 5 of your best choices. ( ) adsilog ( ) bangusilog ( ) burgsilog ( ) chicksilog ( ) cornsilog ( ) daingsilog ( ) embosilog ( ) hamsilog 1 Republic of the Philippines BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY Main Campus, City of Balanga, Bataan ( ) liemsilog ( ) longsilog ( ) malingsilog ( ) porkbbqsilog ( ) porksilog ( ) sigsilog ( ) specialpares ( ) tapsilog ( ) tosilog ( ) tuyosilog others: __________ 14. Would you like to have a silog food service here in Balanga? ( ) Yes ( ) No 15. Are you in favour of putting up the â€Å"Silog Express†? ( ) Yes ( ) No Thank you very much for spending time answering this questionnaire!

Educational Issues on the Internet Essay

Fundamentally this term education is a Latin word which means â€Å"to bring up†. It is the most significant sense with respect to experiences as education is the finest way of effecting one’s mind, it can revolve the characteristics and can produce unique ability in individuals as well. In year 1966 United Nations recognized and formed right to get education which was for the entire world and highlighted the concept of education as well. In the same year different ways and techniques of education were also presented in which it was defined that this is basically a process in which students are involved in order to learn numerous things. Besides this the words instruction were also illustrated that it is the procedure of delivering and conveying information by an instructor. (R. A. Malatest & Associates Ltd. , 2002) In early days education was not very much common in all areas and with every class of people, as initially there was only elementary education which consists almost five to seven years. At that time the general approach was that education should be given at primary level and should be structured in a way that the phase of schooling should be started at the age of six. But this thinking was almost instantaneously changes when UNESCO had taken an initiative and launched an educational program and declared it as Education for All. (Blurton, 1999) After the formation of above mentioned program the concepts of education taken a next step towards success and the concept of primary and secondary education was presented. But in this era, numerous technologies were developed and designed which revolved around the approaches of teaching and education. Technology has a great influence on education as these days computer and cell phones are used to present innovative ideas of learning. This unique way of learning was declared as online education or virtual education system. By these approaches, the concept of distance learning was also presented in front of us. In year 1969 the first distance learning university was established which was named as The Open University of the United Kingdom. Similarly, after the success of this university numerous other universities were also established. (Roblyer, 2006) But with the emerging concepts, styles and innovative approaches of education on computer and internet, numerous sorts of issues were seen as well. The most important issue of education on the internet is that there are numerous sites available for different subjects having endless number of resources but all these sites did not cover every age group issues as their level of education is same for all the users that log in to that specific website that confuse the students as their mental level did not match. Other then this we often noticed that education on internet is again a big issue in such case where sites are designed in such an order that all the lesson plans are available, along with lessons references are also provided for the students but the issue arises at the point that such websites are not as much effective as no source of direct interaction with teachers and authors are available. (Roblyer, 2006) Internet sites are offering numerous tests based web sites and they are also providing sample test papers so that students can have complete and deep knowledge of subjects and the pattern of exam questions. (Leland, 2002) Besides the above mentioned issues, one more point that proves that education over the internet is a big hurdle is that the distance learning users and clients have to consider the point that their computers are upgrade according to the latest software, hardware requirement. Similarly connectivity over internet and telephone line, maintenance, support supplies are the things that should be upgraded and maintained in order to get uninterrupted education on internet as these days numerous websites and software are designed according to new technologies which required great and appropriate configuration and protections. Along with such issues plagiarism is another big hurdle in education as there are number of students who when have a desire to study some unique and fine material then for this they have to be aware of numerous sites as education on internet is not as much fair and fine in every manner. There are numerous sites that students should avoid like Genius papers, a web named as Lazy students, Research assistance and some other sites as well. Beside this there are other sorts of fraud also notified as students over internet are asked to access the different documents by paying some amount, this fees started from almost $10 per page. (Schevitz, 1999) In addition with the issue of plagiarism there other problem of education on internet is that there are numerous authors and writers who does not go through the upgrading theories and approaches and just presented their work on the basis of their previous researches. So in order to avoid such issues students should look careful their reference page so by this they can came t know that either the author has utilized new technique by following innovative approaches and methods or not. (Roblyer, 2006) Beside these issues one more thing that should be noticed is students cannot work as team over internet when team work when needed. Although internet users can collaborate on the internet using different tools, however the direct and face to face communication and effort on projects are missing over education on the internet. (Leland, 2002) According to a research it has been notified that education on the internet does not provide good reading skills to the students, this sort of problem got a solution by providing learner-controlled sort of things that contains picture menu as well, linear sequencer and some other solutions as well but the problem remains unsolved as the students are still fail in developing better reading skills. (Blurton, 1999) In a nut shell, we can conclude that the internet is providing a great number of sources and opportunities for the students. Among them social networking is the significant one which have been rapidly accepted by the students of every age group as all of them is extremely much fascinated by this sort of new opportunity which enhance their self presentation, self learning skills, managing numerous things and other facilities as well. The biggest advantage is that their networking will increase. Along with this numerous authors and writers are still of the idea that only innovative approaches over internet education and development of new technologies is not the only way to provide better learning system, managements of things have its significance as well. References Blurton, C. (1999). New Directions of ICT-Use in Education. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from UNESCO: http://www. unesco. org/education/educprog/lwf/dl/edict. pdf Leland, B. H. (2002, January 29). Plagiarism and the Web. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from Western Illionois University: http://www. wiu. edu/users/mfbhl/wiu/plagiarism. htm Potashnik, M. and Capper, J. (2007, February 6). Distance Education: Growth and Diversity. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from World Bank: http://www. worldbank. org/fandd/english/pdfs/0398/0110398. pdf R. A. Malatest & Associates Ltd. (2002, May). The Council of Ministers of Education. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from Best Practices in Increasing Aboriginal Postsecondary Enrolment Rates: http://www. cmec. ca/Publications/Lists/Publications/Attachments/49/malatest. en. pdf Roblyer. (2006). Integrating Educational Technology Into Teaching. New York: Pearson Education. Schevitz, T. (1999, November 5). Point, Click, Plagiarize / Web site nabs UC Berkeley students stealing from Net. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from SF Gate: http://articles. sfgate. com/1999-11-05/news/17705570_1_uc-berkeley-plagiarism-science-students

Public Policy in the American Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public Policy in the American Government - Essay Example From this study it is clear that after consideration of the various policy solutions, the federal government makes the decision on the best possible policy and may pass a law for the adoption of this new policy. A policy may be adopted following an executive order or after an important ruling by the Supreme Court. The next stage is the implementation process that is determined by the federal administrative agencies tasked with this process. An implementation may also involve punishment for failing to adhere to the set policy. The last stage in policy formulation is the evaluation stage where different agencies involved in policy making determine whether implementation has been successfully carried out. This stage may also involve much debate on whether the implementation has been successful or not and it may form the basis of another policy formulation.This discussion declares that  a particular interest group that will later on lobby the government to address the problem through p olicy formation may identify a problem. Once the problem is brought into the political domain, it becomes a political issue.  During the definition of a problem, conflict arises as different groups define the problem in ways that the policy is likely to suit their interests. Also, identification of the problem will be in such a way that the particular interest group will have control over the decision makers in agenda setting.  

Do Newspapers Have a Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Do Newspapers Have a Future - Essay Example Newspapers have some problems inherent within them that can possibly be the cause of their decline in popularity (Gawenda, 2008). First of all, most newspapers are in black and white which provide a drab and boring source of information. Readers prefer a more illustrious and colorful source, which can provide them with vivid pictures of the occurring events. Moreover, the print in newspapers is usually of such a small size, that it is difficult and uncomfortable for readers to easily read it. Unfortunately, newspapers do not have a zoom in option. It is also very difficult to handle newspapers because of their size and to flip through them. Often the pages and sections all fall out and get mixed up while a person skims through the newspaper. Some newspapers are also available in color, however, the quality of the paper and the photographs is still of low quality which may not be as attractive to the reader. Readers usually prefer glossy photographs printed on laser paper which gives the reader a more exciting and clearer experience of reading the news (Vivian, 2008). However, the problems are not only limited to the design and texture of newspapers. Problems may also exist in the content of newspapers. Most newspapers tell the story the way it is and provide an unbiased opinion. Hence, readers only read the facts and do not get a dose of what is called â€Å"extra spicy† news. The small articles printed in newspapers do provide essential information regarding everyday happenings in the world, yet sometimes they do not provide a vivid description or full information regarding the event and only stick to the general and most basic facts. In addition, newspapers contain many sections which include the business section, classified ads, and many others (Conboy & Steel, 2008). Some of the articles and the information may be irrelevant to the reader’s interest and the reader may only be interested in the entertainment section, front page, and classified ads. Hence, he/she finds it inconvenient to purchase the full newspaper for this purpose. Newspapers are also available for a price, which the reader may not find worth the trouble of purchasing one. Another issue regarding newspaper journalism is that many people have lost their trust with the information contained in newspapers, as sometimes it proves to be inaccurate or exaggerated. Hence, some people have stopped reading or relying on the news altogether (Tottam, 1999). Despite the many problems or shortcomings with newspapers, newspapers do hold some advantage over other sources of information.