Assess the impact of Export Processing Zones (EPZs) on consumers and Essay

Assess the impact of Export Processing Zones (EPZs) on consumers and employees in developing countries. Answers should draw on examples and theories of international trade taught on this module - Essay Example Export Processing Zones holds pregnant promises to developing countries, with the hope of enlivened economy through foreign direct investors. It is just fitting therefore to study how they have affected developing societies through the eyes of the consumers and the laborers. EPZs are also designed to generate jobs for locals. With the presence of foreign investors and with the usually cheap labor in developing countries, Export Processing Zones promise job opportunities and improvement. Aside from the locals directly employed in the EPZs, it also adds to employment through backward and forward linkages. Backward linkage is formed through raw materials and financing suppliers which are mainly locals while forward linkage is observed through the spending of employees of EPZs (Ahmadu). The ability to export products even by developing countries, and benefit that they gets from the trade is clearly described by David Ricardo in his theory of comparative advantage. According to Ricardo, even if a country has the absolute advantage in all products, meaning he is the most efficient among all countries in production, it will still be worthwhile to trade with another country, so that both would be benefitted (Mankiw, 1998). David Ricardo constructed a two-country, two-good example with one country having the absolute advantage in the production of both and using the concept of opportunity cost, he was able to conclude that even in this situation trade would make both better off as this allows each country to specialize in the product that he does best. The Labor condition, however, is also a question. EPZ workers are observed to receive lower wages than their non-EPZ workers counterparts. In Sri Lanka, for example, earnings of workers in the electronics sector are slightly lower than the national wages in the same jobs while in South Korea and the Philippines, payment for overtime works are tied to normal working hours (Ahmadu). Payment incentive schemes that include "demerit points" that affect wages and job security increased work hours and inensity (Ahmadu). This disadvatanges happens due to the absence of regulatory authorities in Export Processing Zones. Due to this adverse work condition, unionisation is prevalent among EPZs, although union activities are limited in some countries. In the Philippines, for example, strike are unathorized, based on the recognition that EPZs are very crucial to the country's economic success. On Employment: The Philippine Case The Philippines has four Export Processing Zones, found in the provinces of Bataan, Cebu, Benguet and Cavite. Among these are 16 government-administered regional industrial centres and 36 private-owned businesses. The EPZs has been strongly supported by the past administrations beginning from President Marcos up to the Arroyo Administration. A study of the Center for Applied Research and Library Services in the country, however, has revealed that EPZ has been discriminatory against women in terms of employment with women required to be single and college educated while men are not and that jobs that require higher skills are usually given to men

Citizens of America Essay Example for Free

Citizens of America Essay Fellow countrymen, I stand before you today, to present my job application details, for the highest office on land. Citizens of America, today stands a man who is willing to sacrifice his self ambitions, a man who is willing to lay off his personal plans and embrace those of the state, a man who is willing to sacrifice his self esteem on the alter of criticism and a man who is able to lead this country to heights unprecedented before. Indeed, this man stands before you today and passes on his application details unto you, to be evaluated and approved if you so feel that he qualify beyond any reasonable doubts to become the fiftieth president of the United States of America. You may be asking yourselves why is this man, so tender in age and so inexperienced in leadership vying for this office? Citizens of our homeland, you will agree with me that leadership is God endowed. I want to state before you today that it is not because of the power that comes with leadership than makes me vie for this office, neither is it because of any monetary gains or honors. I stand to campaign for the presidency of this country because of the heart of service and allegiance I have for our great nation. In my heart, I hold big dreams that will assist in the economic development and technological advancement of our great nation. Just as one of our greatest reformers in history, Martin Luther King Jr. stood before an electrified crowd that was almost the same size with the one gathered today and declared, â€Å"I have a dream†, I too want to state before all of you listening to me today that â€Å"I have a dream! † I have a dream that through my presidency, the freedom that our forefathers once fought to preserve will remain intact. I have a dream that the unity of the reformers like Martin Luther shall be preserved and I have a dream that one day we shall look back and be proud of this defining moment (Martin 1963). Let us not forget that America has always been a free nation and will always be known to the world for its freedom, peace and sovereignty. My presidency will not only enforce the virtues that America stands for but will also create a platform where every man, woman and child can have a dream and fulfill their dreams. Fellow country men, our country has come from far. We have fought many wars. From the American revolutionary war fought between 1775 and 1782 against the largest empire in the world (historycentral. com 2009) to the war against terrorism that begun in 2003, America has always proved victorious. What does this prove to you fellow countrymen? It shows that America has been and will always be destined for victory. No situation will ever change this. We are a victorious nation! I stand as a man who like our forefathers, will preserve these victories even with my own life if necessary should you elect me as the fiftieth president of this nation. I stand here as a man who will make America even more victorious if given the opportunity to become its head of state by the electorate. However, as we boast of our victory in far and near battlefields, as we testify on the strength of our armies, we must remember the economic wars that still stand to pose great challenges to us. The great depression of 1929 was the worst of all of them. Even though it lasted for only ten years, it left house holds devastated. 25000 banks fell with no likelihood of ever rising again. We must also remember that it was through the election of the skilled democrat leader, President Franklin D. Roosevelt that the war against this depression was fought and eventually won (Cary 2009). Currently, with the recessions of the stock markets and increase in the debt ratio, we, the today’s generation, stand at the threshold of another depression like that of the 1929. There exists unemployment as never seen before since the times of the great depression and the value of stocks is rapidly falling. You will agree with me my dear country men that these are sad times for our great nation. However, you should not look at the recent troubles without hope. I want to assure you that if elected as the president, I will do all in my power to ensure that the history of depression does not repeat itself. We must stand together as a nation and win this war. You must always bear in mind that extra ordinary circumstances require extra ordinary solutions. I present myself today as the extraordinary solution for the current extraordinary circumstances our great nation is going through in the present age. On the same tune, I want to state that my fellow brother who is also a runner in this race Mr. Willis Brown has always questioned my integrity to rule this country. Mr. Willis has often cited my tenderness of age and inexperience in governance as the reason as to why I should not be allowed to ascend to the highest office on land. As you all know, I have been silent on this matter all this time for I felt that under no circumstances, should a leader with integrity such as me trade accusations with him. However, today as I make my last appeal for the office of the president, I want to settle the matter once and for all and state my case. Fellow countrymen, as you are all aware, it is not by the advancement of age that a country is ruled. You are also aware that it is not by the strength of the muscles that such a battle as this is fought. Leadership is seen through the policies and the ideas one has to offer for this great nation. Even if Mr. Willis was to succeed in discrediting my fitness for presidency and I was to fail in my quest, my great ideas for this nation will never die. Remember that as John F. Kennedy once stated, A man may die, nations may rise and fall, but an idea lives on. ( brainyquote. com 2009) My ideas will never be killed! Don’t tell me I am too young to rule. Tell me that my policies and ideas for this country are wrong. Don’t tell me that I am inexperienced. Tell me that the presidency seat was never meant for the young and the vibrant. Fellow countrymen, I know that with your help and with the help of God, I, Franklin Carole, will surely become the fiftieth president of the United States of America. What Ideas do I have for this country? We note great with pride that our country has been the bedrock of the world economy over the years. We note with great pride that our country has been the home to scientific discoveries and inventions. When a time came for man to travel beyond the horizons of the world, it was America that ensured that the first of Adam’s race stepped on the surface of the moon. Indeed, in 1969, history was made when Apollo 11, a space craft under the command of Neil Armstrong became the first of its kind to land on the surface of the moon and as the first manned lunar landing mission (Lyndon 1993). Fellow countrymen, on that day, we watched with awe and wonder as one of our very own sons became the first man to step on the surface of the moon and lay the first footsteps there. It is from that time that we realized that America was a land where nothing could be considered impossible, a land where all had an equal opportunity to become what they wanted to be and a land that no other land can ever be compared to. To this land, great men endowed with great leadership skills have been born. From the first president of this country George Washington who took oath of office in 1789 to the time of Barack Obama, the first black president of this nation (Whitehouse. gov 2009), to these times that I now stand to become the fiftieth president, these sons of ours have served our nation with their lives. They have led our country in times of peace and in times of war, in easy times and in times of hardship, in times of scarcity and in times of plenty. Some have served for just a month while others have served for over twelve years. They were loyal men who were not afraid to lay down their lives for the sake of our prosperity. They were courageous men who did not fear the assassin’s gun. They were devoted to duty despite criticism and they were honest to their country in all they did. It is to the list of these men that I desire to belong. It is to the works of these men that I desire to add and it is to their unaccomplished dreams that I hope to accomplish only if you, fellow countrymen offer unto me that mandate. What do I have to offer at my tender age? Issues of education have been neglected for too long. Teachers are poorly paid and thus do not take the art of imparting knowledge to their students seriously. Some of our higher learning centers lack the proper equipments and finances to carry out research for the advancement of technology. Fellow countrymen, we must note that education is the only bridge that is left for the maintenance of our economic prosperity and success. We need to produce men and women from our educational systems who will not only be ready to fill in the vacant positions in our country but are fit to work and become competent on global levels. It is for this reason that when elected, my government plans to remove all tax paid by teachers and increase the government spending on education by fifty percent from its current standings. We realize that all of us passed through the hands of a teacher. We will ensure that we put in place machinations to ensure that teacher’s salaries are thus reviewed upwards to cater for their needs and boost their morales as they shape the future leaders of this nation. Terrorism is also a real threat to this country. From September 11th when the twin towers were brought down by terrorists, our country has never been the same again and our people have never felt safe. What can we do? Are we helpless when it comes to terrorism? Fellow countrymen, I want to tell you that America has means and ways to deal with terrorism. It is sad that while this country bleeds, the current government has forgotten its call to protect the citizens of America. As the president, I will deal with terrorist in a manner that will ensure that they will never again attack our lands. I will employ measures that due to security reasons, can not be mentioned here. This mechanisms, will use all our technologies and manpower to ensure that America remain free from terrorism. We understand that America can never be America without its citizens and it is in our interest to ensure that the citizens are safe. Fellow countrymen, like I earlier stated, employment has become an elusive matter in our nation. When a nation can no longer employ those whom it has educated, it is creating insecurity within itself. We as the new government will therefore direct for the expansion of industries to create more employment opportunities. We will also create an investor friendly platform and lay out a framework where all that are willing to invest and become self employed can get the profits from their labors. We will support the worker’s union and their fight for better working conditions for their members. We will support the retired men and women. We appreciate the fact that that they have given unrelenting services for this great nation and. We shall ensure that their retirement benefits are accorded to them in time and also add to them bonuses based on the amount of years that they worked. As I end my humble plea for your endorsement of my presidential ambitions, I want to remember the many that have taken their times and forgone other opportunities just to be here. I also remember those who have traveled with me throughout my campaign trails and have offered both financial and moral support until this final campaign. In a special way, I also wish to thank my wife Mary for the encouragement she gave me. I am forever grateful to all of you and to the American nation for giving me this chance to practice my democratic right. Fellow country men, though the campaigns end today, the journey continues. We today stand a chance to make history, to rectify the mistakes that we have done in the past and to ensure that America is stronger and better. Citizens of America, let us not be weary of fighting for better living conditions, let us not be weary of upholding the values of our constitutions. Let us not be weary of treating each other as brothers and sisters. Even after the elections are past and gone, we shall still remain citizens of this great nation. We have come from far. We are going still going far. These elections will be the landmark of the better future yet to come. For those who will vote for me, I want to tell you thank you for believing in my policies. For those who will vote for my opponent, I still appreciate you for practicing your democratic right. For those who will not vote at all, I want to challenge you to know that you are held accountable for not helping in shaping the political landscape of your nation. We are all Americans, we all belong to America and one day when we shall have all gone, America shall still remain with our children and grandchildren as its rightful inheritor. Let us take this time to change America for the benefit of the future generations by voting for me as the fiftieth president of this country. Never forget that when history will one day be written down, your works today will always be remembered and told on to the future generations. Fellow countrymen, I want to urge you not to meditate upon the words of George Santayana when he once stated that, â€Å"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it†(George 2009). God bless you all and God bless America. Works Cited Brainyquote. com John F. Kennedy Quotes, 2009, sourced on 28th April 2009: http://www. brainyquote. com/quotes/authors/j/john_f_kennedy. html Historycentral. com, America’s Wars, A complete History, 2009, Sourced On 28th April 2009: http://www. historycentral. com/wars. html Johnson, Lyndon B. , Neil A. Armstrong, 1993, sourced on 28th April 2009: http://www.jsc. nasa. gov/Bios/htmlbios/armstrong-na. html King, Martin Luther, I Have a Dream Address at March on Washington August 28, 1963. Available: http://www. mlkonline. net/dream. html Nelson, Cary, About the Great Depression, 2009, sourced on 28th April 2009: http://www. english. illinois. edu/maps/depression/about. htm Santayana, George, Quotations, 2009, sourced on 28th April 2009: http://www. quotationspage. com/subjects/history/ Whitehouse. gov, George Washington, 2009, sourced on 28th April 2009: http://www. whitehouse. gov/about/presidents/georgewashington/

Hester Prynne and Abigail Williams in The Crucible by Arthur Miller :: Essay on The Crucible

American literature often examines people and motives. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter, and in Aruthur Miller’s modern dramatic masterpiece, The Crucible, people and motives often depict patters of Puritans struggling for life during a shaky time. Two main characters from both pieces of works share the traits of a struggling Puritan as adulators. Even tough Hester and Abigail have similar traits, their sins differ dramatically and were punished differently.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hester Prynne is a woman in Boston who is strong of her will. For example she had a daughter and refused to give out her father’s name. She says, “…my child must seek a heavenly father and shall never know an earthly one'; (Hawthorne 64). She is a very truthful woman except for one time. A good example would be when she has to lie to her daughter, Pearl, about the letter she wears on her chest. She claims she wears it “for the sake of its gold thread'; (166). Hester is also an adulator who is punished by the village. Abigail Williams is a teenager who is a great liar. She manages to pull off a big witch-hunt with skills probably as great as an actor does. She is also the niece of the town minister, Reverend Samuel Paris.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both these women do know the feelings of being an adulator though. Even though Hester’s affair is known publicly. Hester fell in love with the minister Aruthur Dimmesdale. They are very much in love but then she gives birth to his child and is ridiculed by the public. Abigail believes she is in love with a farmer named John Proctor. She wants his wife dead. A good example is when John Proctor says “…she thinks to dance with me on my wife’s grave…';(Miller 102), which obviously means she wants Goody Proctor erased. Both women meet their loved ones in secret until their loved ones died.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adultery was a significant part in these women’s lives. As any reader can see, even people with the same traits have many different faults. Such as their ability to speak the truth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even though both women are adulators, Hester is a truthful woman who never lies. She only lies one time to her daughter when approached by the question of what the scarlet letter stands for. Hester also never lies when approached by ministers to confess whom the accomplice were. She just says, “I will not speak'; (Hawthorne 64).

“Lord of The Flies”- Holocaust Essay

The book,†Lord of the Flies† parallels exactly to the horrible accounts of the Holocaust. It took place during the same time, and many ideas and events are very similar. The Holocaust was a huge inspiration on Golding’s book, and like the Holocaust, Golding creates a setting, that’s in a sense, secret. They also both took place during World War II. Just like in the beginning, when the boys first landed on the island, before the Holocaust even began, the boys were unified as one tribe. However,underneath the surface, problems were rising. Piggy was referred to only by his derisive nickname, much in the same way as Jews were stripped of their real names and called ‘Jew bastard’or ‘kike’. â€Å"You’re talking too much,† said Jack merridew, â€Å"Shut up fatty.† Laughter arose (Golding 21) This is only one of the many examples of the boys degrading Piggy. Jews weren’t ever treated quite as fairly as Germans. They were discriminated because of their race,religion, and mostly just because they were living a better life than the Germans. Ralph was the leader. He thought things out with his right hand man, Piggy. Together they were very intelligent, and were respected by most of the boys. Ralph who represents Neville Chamberlain, who was England Prime Minister before World War II was infamous for allowing Hitler to invade the Sudetenland without conse quence. Jack would represent Adolf Hitler. He wanted power, and would do anything to get it. Like Hitler, Jack was a very good public speaker. He said what people wanted to hear, that they would have fun, and eat meat, in a time when meat sounded very good to the boys, when they were on the verge of starvation from hunger. He took advantage of his abilities to hunt and the weakness of the boys, just as Hitler did. He would find in this downtrodden people, an audience very willing to listen. In his speeches, Hitler offered what they needed most, encouragement. He gave them heaps of vague promises while avoiding the details. Hitler didn’t work alone. He had his right hand man who was in charge of the extermination of his enemies. Roger was Jack’s chief executioner and Adolf Eichmann had the job of ridding Germany of Jews. You  could tell in the beginning that Jack would rebel. He always had a different  view than Ralph, and you could see some envy of Ralph in him. â€Å"We want meat-† â€Å"And we don’t get it†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ We need shelters† Suddenly Jack shouted in rage. â€Å"Are you  accusing-?† † All I’m saying is we’ve worked dashed hard. That’s all.† They were both red in the face and found looking at each other difficult (Golding 51). Ralph had his group- Piggy, Simon, and some of the â€Å"littluns†. They were the thinkers of the boys. They represented the Jews, and Jack hated them for it because Jack’s main worry was hunting while R alph tried to focus on the fire and getting rescued. Their ideas clashed and so did they. One of Hitler’s main problems with Jews was that they were so smart and they were living a wealthier life than everyone else, and hogging all of the luxuries that could and should be the Germans. That’s when Jack formed his new tribe with the choir boys, then known as the hunters, on the other side of the island. â€Å"I’m going off by myself. He can catch his own pigs. Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too.†(Golding 127). This is similar to Hitler’s forming of the Nazis. Jack recruited Roger who was a more sadistic member of the tribe. All of his tribe members played a very evil part, and most of them were only interested in killing. They thought it was exciting and enjoyed it. They were forced to rebel against Ralph, and they symbolized the people who were forced into torturing the Jews. They would torture, or be tortured. It was a simple answer for most, as it was for Sam and Eric. They were the public, easily convinced and lead into traps in which they didn’t think for themselves anymore. This is when it changes from a democracy to a dictatorship,exactly what happened after Hitler became leader. In the book, Jack made all of his followers call him chief, respect him, and acknowledge when he was done speaking. The two savages looked at each other, raised their spears and spoke in time. â€Å"The Chief has spoken.†(Golding 141).He made them march together, and look very well organized and unified. On October 13,1930, dressed in their brown shirts, the elected Nazi deputies marched in unison into the Reichstag and took their seats. When the roll call was taken, each one shouted, â€Å"Present! Heil Hitler!† . Both of these examples have alot of similarities. Both show the obedience the leaders had over their followers. They were  all brainwashed, and this statement goes to both Jack’s tribe and the Nazis. This brainwashing even got to a point where killing was okay. They didn’t really think  twice about it. They all thought what they were doing was right, they didn’t realize what they were doing, and didn’t look at the big picture. †¦Roger, with a sense of  delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever†¦The rock struck Piggy with a glancing blow (Golding 180). This statement describes Roger’s feelings about killing, and it obviously doesn’t matter that much to him. He wasn’t thinking before he acted. When Simon was coming down the mountain to tell everyone that there really wasn’t a beast, it was just a dead body from war, they mistook Simon himself for the beast  because they were so riled up from the feast and the dance, they actually tricked themselves into thinking Simon was something else. Even after, when they knew what they were doing they kept tearing Simon apart. The beast was on its knees in the center, its arms folded over its face. It was crying out against the abominable noise something about a dead body on the hill†¦At once the crowd surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore (Golding 153). The feast and dance are similar to Hitler’s speeches to get everyone excited to kill the Jews. He began speech in low, hesitating tones,  gradually rising the pitch and volume of his voice then exploding in a climax of frenzied indignation. He combined this with carefully rehearsed hand gestures for maximum effect. He skillfully played on the emotions of the  audience bringing the level of excitement  higher and higher until people wound up a wide-eyed, screaming, frenzied mass that surrendered to his will and looked upon him with pseudo- religious adoration. When Jack’s tribe is trying to hunt down Ralph to torture him, it represents the German police, ripping the ghettos apart just to find some Jews hidden in homes and  other buildings, so that they could be brought to concentration camps where they  would be tortured and/or killed. When they finally find Ralph, in his thicket hiding,  they decide there is not much they can do to kill him, but set the island on fire. This is  similar to when the German people working on the concentration camps cremated their  victims in a fire pit, where they couldn’t get out. I also think it is important to mention  that the word, Holocaust comes from the Greek holokauston , that which is  completely burnt, that which goes up, that is in smoke, or a sacrificial offering that is  consumed entirely by flames.   Ralph did end up escaping the fire, and just when everything seemed lost, the boys  were chasing after him, and it was expected for him to die, the naval officer showed  up on the island because he saw the flames from his ship. It is only when the boys are  rescued by a naval officer that the monster Jack has become shrinks back into his boy-  like state. This deflation of power signifies the collapse of Nazi Germany in the face of  the Allied forces(Windham 3). A little boy who wore the remains of an extraordinary  black cap on his red hair and who carried the remains of a pair of spectacles at his  waist, started forward, then changed his mind and stood still (Golding 201). In  the Holocaust, when everything seemed lost, soldiers fighting in the war started  showing up to liberate the Jews, and everyone else that was captured.  The similarites of the book and the German Holocaust are no coincidences. Golding  had definite intentions of referring to the Hol ocaust in this novel, and in this thesis there are  too many similarities to say they weren’t written because of the events going on during  World War II.

English Language Learner Essay

The United States still represents to the rest of world a land of opportunities. Immigration occurs when people from all part of the world make their way here to start new lives, find their new jobs or build new homes. Some leave their country to flee from oppression and injustice. Some want a life to escape poverty. Now the English Language Learners in America school constantly growing percent of all U.S student-There are more than five million children who are English Language Learners (ELLs). Research show that Bilingual Education is beneficial to people who learning English to support their English Language also native language and to retain. The Bilingual Education is more effective to English Learners research that students who are educate in Bilingual classrooms do as well as or better than the groups of English sold literacy skill, cause of their thinks are just would cover their miserable life by money, that’s all they have to do. The challenge faced by English Language is an obstacle to their education success in this country. Amount of students who participating to learn English are enrolled in U.S. public schools (pre-K-12) increased by 8.5 percent, from 46.0 million in 1997-1998 to mostly 50 million in 2007-2008. In them, at least 10.7 percent or more than 5.3 million children were English Language Learners (ELLs). Over the time, the number of ELL increased by 53.2 percent, from 3.5 million to 5.3 million) in the same period, this statistic was show that there is no signal to stop and might be grow up in the future. The nation’s ELL student (about 1.5 million children) mainly lived in California, state with the largest amount of student in need of English instruction. Behind California, the three states also contained an amazing number of ELL enrollment: Arizona (166,572), New York (213,000), and Texas (701,800). All English Language Learners are definitely struggling to learn English sometime, they were fail to understand what is the teacher talking about, and may become unpleasantness when they have an idea but cannot transmit wholeness express their thoughts in English. That’s might be a biggest problem for ELLs who would like to speak English well but don’t want to learn English. Meanwhile, many students experience another kind of struggle, when they go home, they speak different language in which their parents  communicated. But a lots immigrant students of ELL have a habit of fluency in English and so want to give up their native language. They pressure to speak English at school; they are expected to speak their native language at home. In the education process, there is â€Å"English-only Laws do not help Immigrant gain fluency in English â€Å". Some individually consider that being not only of English Language Learners (ELL), but of American communities as a whole. The governments do not promote English as official language so much as they make discrimination to different kind of language. However, ELLs should not receive English-only laws, instead achieve literacy, it makes disconnect to immigrant who want to keep their tradition. Beside of that, an obstacle for all students of ELLs that they must to receive the same program such as student spokes of native English when they are during education process, many trammels as reading literature in English cause most literature is culture bound. Students who desire to speak English fluency must struggle for several year before they understand everything that is said i n their classroom, and that is discrimination for all ELLs as they received entire subjects with not their language such as mathematics, science, social study, language art,†¦ while their literacy skills do not well at all. Bilingual Education – consider that such as education in an English-language school system in which students with little fluency in English are taught in both their native language and English. Research show that Bilingual Language is the effective choice and definitely benefic for English Language Learners. It not only helping to advantage of ELLs to become solid literacy skills with both language, Bilingual Education also support to students develop ability of communication with international. The review found that almost K-12 students show who have been educated in bilingual classroom, enroll in programs that have high level of bilingualism probably do as well as or might be better than comparison group of English Learners in English-only program. English Learners want to improve their English as well as they could be, but they also receive a lot of challenges from English. As you are learning any new language, it takes a lot of dedication, practice and time. But all of that will pay off when you are able expressing yourself in an exciting way. You have to know what is your first step will going to be, then just keep going and expand all experience that you have become perfectly. Also, the English teacher should  purposefully select words and sentence structures that will help students learn rather than hinder their success in class or practice for them to listening, specific is talking to improve their pronunciation. Eventually, English Language Learners could be received a lot of challenges by English Language as they struggle to fit into a new society, learn a new language, improving the achievement of communicate ability with international. However, English has been the common world-wide language, and it will be in the future. For this reason, English Language Learners must be insist that practice and policy by based on the best evidence we have and not on politics or predilections.

The Stop, Question, and Frisk Program essayEssay Writing Service

The Stop, Question, and Frisk Program essayEssay Writing Service The Stop, Question, and Frisk Program essay The Stop, Question, and Frisk Program essayEach year thousands of Americans are stopped by the police in order to be questioned and frisked. Everyone understands that each stop, question and frisk encounter violated the established constitutional rights. The legal issues which refer to the Stop, Question, and Frisk policy are associated with violation of certain rules that create a debate regarding the validity of the practices. The controversial Stop, Question, and Frisk practices require thorough investigation. It is illegal to aggressively stop and question American citizens who merely enter public places. In many cases, law enforcement personnel uses creative ways to stop, question and frisk people who have shown no evidence of being involved in criminal activity. For example, the New York Police Department’s   â€Å"Operation Clean Halls† has been used since 1991 allowing local police officers to conduct the so-called â€Å"vertical patrols† by providing w ell-organized stop-and-frisk searches in hallways of public buildings (Mathias, 2012). Actually, the Stop, Question, and Frisk practiced in New York City by the City Police Department stands for the legal procedure, which requires stop and question thousands of people, as well as frisk them for weapons, drugs and other contraband. In fact, the Stop, Question, and Frisk practices are based on the established laws and regulations that can be found in the Section 140.50 of the New York State Criminal Procedure Law. According to statistical data regarding stop, question and frisk practices, in 2011, 684,330 people were stopped, the majority of them were African-Americans or Latinos (Devereaux, 2012). In this paper, the controversial issues about the Stop, Question, and Frisk practices will be investigated. It is hypothesized that the Stop, Question, and Frisk program fosters racial profiling and leads to discrimination toward African Americans and Latinos. It is necessary to achieve a b alance between the constitutional rights and the policy duties.Literature Review The issue regarding the Stop, Question, and Frisk program has been wildly discussed in academic literature and the mass media sources. The following eleven literature reviews attempt to demonstrate the hypothesis and provide comprehensive support for it.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the newspaper article by Ryan Devereaux (2012), several important questions were discussed in relation to the Stop, Question, and Frisk practices. It has been found that in 2011, 684,330 people were stopped, and the majority of them were African-Americans or Latinos (Devereaux, 2012). This fact means the overwhelming majority of people stopped by the police were the people of color. Besides, the Stop, Question, and Frisk practices foster distrust toward the police in African American and Latino communities. Many young people have the sense of fear caused by the police stop-and-frisks.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the article by Michael M. Grynbaum and Marjorie Connelly, the New York’s stop, question, and frisk policy has been criticized because it allows the police to detain any person they find suspicious. Although that policy has been put in practice in order to succeed in combating violent crimes, today there is much evidence that it promotes racial profiling. It has been found that the majority of residents claim that the Police Department â€Å"favors whites over blacks,† according to the findings taken from The New York Times poll (Grynbaum Connelly, 2012).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another researcher and journalist, Joseph Goldsteinsept supports the position of the previous authors. He has found that in eastern Brooklyn, many young people try to avoid clasping hands when greeting each other in the street because they are â€Å"fearful that their grasp might be mistaken for a drug deal and invite a search by the police† ( Goldsteinsept, 2014, p.1).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the study conducted by David Weisburd and colleagues (2014), special attention is paid to the role of policing practices in the New York crime decline. The researchers highlight the impact of innovations implemented in the New York police strategies. It has been found that the New York City Police Department (NYPD) has contributed to the crime drop in the area over the last years. They examined the data on crime and stop, question and frisks policy implementation in order to prove the fact that the stop, question and frisks practices are â€Å"concentrated at crime hot spots† (Weisburd et al., 2014, p. 129). The researchers raise concerns regarding possible negative effects of the stop, question and frisks practices.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the article by David A. Harris (1995), the cases of the stop, question and frisks allow the police to conduct searches and seizures in the str eets, making the police officers act without any probable cause. This article shows that the policy requires balancing the interests of the police and private interests.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the study conducted by Andrew Gelmana and colleagues (2007), there is much evidence that the police officers tend to stop individuals who belong to racial and ethnic minority groups more often than white people based on their proportions in the overall population of the city (p. 813). Researchers support the ideas of previous authors that persons of African and Hispanic descent face discrimination as they are stopped, questioned and frisked more frequently than white people.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One more article that criticizes the stop, question and frisks policy is the article by Christopher Mathias. A report on NYPD stop, question and frisks policy calls for a comprehensive internal audit. One of the benefits is the â€Å"the effectiveness of stop and frisk† in the prevention of carrying guns on the street (Mathias, 2012). However, the author states that there are more weaknesses than strengths of this policy. People who face these practices point out to the fact that many stops are illegal (Mathias, 2012). This fact means that many stops lack the proper justification. Innocent people suffer from injustices and violation of human rights.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At the same time, there are many proponents of the stop, question and frisks policy. The article written by Joseph Ferrandino (2010) provides a comprehensive analysis of the policy, placing emphasis on the benefits of the stop, question and frisks practices. The analysis of New York Police Department (NYPD) stop and frisk practices has been focused on its equity and effectiveness, including technical efficiency. This research reflects the police efficiency, setting the foundation for future investigation of the existing models as well as the outcomes resulting from frisks.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the article by Jeffrey Fagan and colleagues (2011), the discussion of the positive and negative consequences of New York City’s modern policing strategies helps to assess the necessity of making an analysis of stop and frisk. The researchers states that stop, question and frisk practice was an â€Å"essential feature, perhaps the most important and active ingredient, in the regime of Order Maintenance Policing (OMP) that began in New York City in 1994† (Fagan, 2011, p. 1). In fact, the research is based on highlighting the fairness of the practice as the central motive of the reactions of people from different ethnic backgrounds, including Whites, African-Americans, and Hispanics to experiences with the police. It has been found that all people want the police to act fairly in relation to minorities.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Besides, in the article by Kevin Buckler and George E. Higgins (2014), special attention is paid to the existing perceived injustice and crime policy preference. The aggressiveness of the policy influence racial and ethnic differences in perceptions of residents, but the stop-and-frisk practices are effective at reducing the rate of violent crime in the region, as well as the rate of gun offenses (Buckler Higgins, 2014). The research provides an analysis of the key findings, which contribute to the implementation of the policy in the future. Moreover, the implications for future research are discussed.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, in Fallon’s article, the Stop, Question and Frisk policy is assessed as effective, although it challenges constitutional rights mentioned in the Fourth Amendment. There is a necessity to update the policy in some way, adding the force of law and limiting the ability of the police officers to make adequate policy decisions, without discrimination (Fallon, 2013).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, it is necessary to conclude that the issue regarding the Stop, Question, and Frisk program remains a controversial issue, although the literature reviews provided in this paper point out many positive effects of the policy on society in general and each citizen in particular.Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The New York Police Department’s practices are aimed at reducing crime rate in the region. The Stop, Question, and Frisk program has both positive and negative aspects that should be taken into consideration by the government. There is much evidence that the Stop, Question, and Frisk program demonstrates the elements of racial and ethnic division between Whites and minority groups on the issues of apparent inequality, injustice and the Stop, Question, and Frisk policy preference (Buckler Higgins, 2014). Many researchers explore racial and ethnic variation that exists among New York City residents, placing emphasis on the aggressiveness of the Stop, Question and Frisk policy. This fact means that the policy influences racial and ethnic differences in perceptions of American citizens. The Stop, Question and Frisk policy can be very effective in the ways to reduce violent crime and gun offenses, but it may be ineffective in promotion of racial equality and reduction of racial discrimination in the United States. Today everyone in the United States is aware of the fact that racial and ethnic differences in perceptions of citizens are affected by the fact that the police officers treat Blacks and Hispanics differently than Whites.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, it is obvious that current situation regarding the implementation of the Stop, Question and Frisk policy presents a dilemma for American society. On the one hand, it is the U.S. constitutional law that individuals should be free from the arbitrary police intrusions on their privacy rights. At the same time , the effectiveness of law enforcement practices depends on the development and implementation of adequate programs aimed at reducing violence and crime rate through maintenance of safe streets. If police officers are given an opportunity to stop, question and frisk Americans who are reasonably suspected by the police to be involved in criminal activity, the crime rate may be reduced to minimum.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In general, recent research places emphasis on the discussion of the positive and negative consequences of the New York Police Department’s modern policing strategies in order to evaluate the necessity of making changes in the Stop, Question and Frisk policy (Buckler Higgins, 2014; Fallon, 2013; Ferrandino, 2013). It is very important to achieve a comprehensive balance between the constitutional rights provided to American citizens and the policy duties mentioned in the police code of conduct presents a real challenge for any police officer . Recent research shows that in recent decade, there has been a perception that the New York Police Department has sacrificed the protection of both human rights and civil liberties in order to pursue the established organizational goals. This fact means that the Stop, Question and Frisk practices provided by the New York Police Department remain at the center of the public debate.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, the legal standards that govern the Stop, Question and Frisk policy should be taken into consideration. The fact that the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures by law enforcement personnel means that the Stop, Question and Frisk policy is improper. There are legal cases, which demonstrate that the Fourth Amendment works, including Terry v. Ohio case, in which the Court ruled that the proper legal standard should be reasonable suspicion rather than probable cause (Weisburd et al., 2014). N evertheless, there are also cases, which point out that the police have the right to provide Stop, Question and Frisk practices including the cases like California v. Hodari D. and United States v. Cortes (Weisburd et al., 2014).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, American citizens are not obliged to answer inquires provided by law enforcement personnel. The established constitutional standards exist to provide protection to individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures, if they are not criminals. However, if they are criminals and the police officers have reasonable suspicion that the individuals are involved in criminal activities, the Stop, Question and Frisk policy works. Recent researches are based on the assessment of the effectiveness of the policy in relation to minority and ethnic groups. Thus, the Stop, Question, and Frisk program may be characterized as improper policy as it fosters racial profiling and leads to discrimination toward African Americ ans and Latinos.Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hence, it is necessary to conclude that the Stop, Question, and Frisk program remains a controversial one, although there is much evidence that it has many positive effects on American society in general and each American citizen in particular. It would be better to make certain improvements in the policy in order to add the force of the constitutional law and allow the police officers to make adequate policy decisions, without racial discrimination and segregation. To achieve a balance between the constitutional rights and the policy duties presents a real challenge for any police officer. This paper discusses not only the controversy about the Stop, Question, and Frisk practices, but also mentions the applicable standards which govern the implementation of the policy. It has been hypothesized that the Stop, Question, and Frisk program fosters racial profiling and leads to discrimination toward African American s and Latinos. The hypothesis can be accepted as there is much evidence on the negative effects of the Stop, Question, and Frisk practices. It becomes clear that it is necessary to achieve a balance between the constitutional rights and the law enforcement duties. It is recommended to assess the effectiveness of current law enforcement mechanism regarding the implementation of the Stop, Question, and Frisk policy.

How to Get to Know Your College Professors

How to Get to Know Your College Professors You may be totally intimidated by your professors, or you may be eager to meet them but not know what to do first. Its important to remember, however, that most professors are professors because they like teaching and interacting with college students. Knowing how to get to know your college professors might just end up being one of the most rewarding skills you learn during your time in school. Go to Class  Every  Day Many students underestimate the importance of this. True, in a lecture hall of 500 students, your professor may not notice if youre not there. But if you are, your face will become familiar if you can make yourself noticed a bit. Turn In Your Assignments on Time You dont want your professor to notice you because youre always asking for extensions and turning things in late. True, he or she will get to know you, but probably not in the way you want. Ask Questions and Engage in Class Discussion This can be an easy way to have your professor get to know your voice, face, and name. Of course, only ask questions if you have a legitimate question (versus asking one just for the sake of asking) and contribute if you have something to say. Chances are, however, that you have plenty to add to a class and can use that to your advantage. Go to Your Professors Office Hours Stop in to ask for help with your homework, ask for advice on your research paper, ask your professors opinion about some of the research he is doing, or on the book theyre talked about writing. You can even stop in to invite him or her to your poetry slam next week! While you may at first think theres nothing to talk to a professor about, there are, in fact, lots of things you can discuss with your professors. And having a one-on-one conversation is perhaps the best way to start to build a connection! See Your Professor Speak Go to an event where your professor is speaking or to a meeting for a club or organization your professor advises. Your professor is most likely involved in things on campus other than just your class. Go hear him or her lecture and stay afterward to ask a question or thank them for the speech. Ask to Sit In on Another of Your Professors Classes If youre trying to get to know your professor- for a research opportunity, for advice, or just because he or she seems really engaging- you most likely are interested in similar things. If they teach other classes that you might want to take, ask your professor if you can sit in on one of them this semester. It will indicate your interest in the field; additionally, it will lead to a conversation about why youre interested in the class, what your academic goals are while youre at school, and what interested you in the topic in the first place.

Invertir Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Invertir Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb invertir can mean to invest or to invert. This article includes invertir conjugations in the present, past and future indicative, the present and past subjunctive, the imperative, and other verb forms. You will notice that invertir is a stem-changing verb. In this case, the e changes to ie and sometimes to i when the syllable is stressed. Using the Verb Invertir Invertir can mean to invest or to invert. To invert means to reverse or turn inside out. However, the most common meaning of invertir is to invest. It can be used to talk about investing money, such as invertir dinero en la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a (invest money in the company). It can also be used in the sense of investing or spending time on something, such as invertir tiempo en sus hijos (invest time in your children). Invertir Present Indicative In the present indicative tense, the spelling change e to ie occurs in all of the conjugations except nosotros and vosotros. Yo invierto I invest Yo invierto el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Tà º inviertes You invest Tà º inviertes mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Usted/à ©l/ella invierte You/he/she invests Ella invierte en la bolsa de valores. Nosotros invertimos We invest Nosotros invertimos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Vosotros invertà ­s You invest Vosotros invertà ­s en la salud pà ºblica. Ustedes/ellos/ellas invierten You/they invest Ellos invierten su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Preterite Indicative In the preterite tense the spelling change occurs only for the third person singular and plural conjugations. Note that the spelling change is different, since the e only changes to i. Yo invertà ­ I invested Yo invertà ­ el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Tà º invertiste You invested Tà º invertiste mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Usted/à ©l/ella invirtià ³ You/he/she invested Ella invirtià ³ en la bolsa de valores. Nosotros invertimos We invested Nosotros invertimos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Vosotros invertisteis You invested Vosotros invertisteis en la salud pà ºblica. Ustedes/ellos/ellas invirtieron You/they invested Ellos invirtieron su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Imperfect Indicative In the imperfect tense conjugations there are no spelling changes, since it is simply conjugated by adding the imperfect ending for -er and -ir verbs (à ­a, à ­as, à ­a, à ­amos, à ­ais, à ­an). The imperfect can be translated as was investing or used to invest. Yo invertà ­a I used to invest Yo invertà ­a el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Tà º invertà ­as You used to invest Tà º invertà ­as mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Usted/à ©l/ella invertà ­a You/he/she used to invest Ella invertà ­a en la bolsa de valores. Nosotros invertà ­amos We used to invest Nosotros invertà ­amos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Vosotros invertà ­ais You used to invest Vosotros invertà ­ais en la salud pà ºblica. Ustedes/ellos/ellas invertà ­an You/they used to invest Ellos invertà ­an su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Future Indicative The future tense conjugations have no spelling change either, since the future is simply conjugated with the infinitive form invertir and the future tense endings. Yo invertirà © I will invest Yo invertirà © el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Tà º invertirs You will invest Tà º invertirs mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Usted/à ©l/ella invertir You/he/she will invest Ella invertir en la bolsa de valores. Nosotros invertiremos We will invest Nosotros invertiremos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Vosotros invertirà ©is You will invest Vosotros invertirà ©is en la salud pà ºblica. Ustedes/ellos/ellas invertirn You/they will invest Ellos invertirn su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Periphrastic  Future Indicative   To form the periphrastic future tense you need the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive invertir. Yo voy a invertir I am going to invest Yo voya invertir el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Tà º vasa invertir You are going to invest Tà º vasa invertir mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Usted/à ©l/ella vaa invertir You/he/she is going to invest Ella vaa invertir en la bolsa de valores. Nosotros vamosa invertir We are going to invest Nosotros vamosa invertir en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Vosotros vaisa invertir You are going to invest Vosotros vaisa invertir en la salud pà ºblica. Ustedes/ellos/ellas vana invertir You/they are going to invest Ellos vana invertir su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Present Progressive/Gerund Form The gerund or present participle can be used as an adverb or to form progressive verb forms, like the present progressive. The gerund for invertir has a spelling change, but notice that the change is only e to i. Present Progressive of Invertir est invirtiendo Is investing Ella est invirtiendo en la bolsa de valores. Invertir Past Participle Compound tenses like the present perfect are formed with the verb haber plus the past participle. The past participle for -ir verbs is formed with the ending -ido. Present Perfect of Invertir ha invertido Has invested Ella ha invertido en la bolsa de valores. Invertir Conditional Indicative There are no spelling changes in the conditional tense, since it is simply formed with the infinitive invertir and the conditional endings. Yo invertirà ­a I would invest Yo invertirà ­a el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a si tuviera un buen futuro. Tà º invertirà ­as You would invest Tà º invertirà ­as mucho tiempo en tu negocio si pudieras. Usted/à ©l/ella invertirà ­a You/he/she would invest Ella invertirà ­a en la bolsa de valores si tuviera ms dinero. Nosotros invertirà ­amos We would invest Nosotros invertirà ­amos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos si fuà ©ramos padres. Vosotros invertirà ­ais You would invest Vosotros invertirà ­ais en la salud pà ºblica si tuvierais la oportunidad. Ustedes/ellos/ellas invertirà ­an You/they would invest Ellos invertirà ­an su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo, pero es muy complicado. Invertir Present Subjunctive In the present subjunctive, there is a spelling change in all of the conjugations. Most of the conjugations have the change e to ie, but nosotros and vosotros have the change e to i only. Que yo invierta That I invest Mi socio espera que yo invierta el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Que tà º inviertas That you invest Tu esposo quiere que tà º inviertas mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Que usted/à ©l/ella invierta That you/he/she invest El contador sugiere que ella invierta en la bolsa de valores. Que nosotros invirtamos That we invest La directora espera que nosotros invirtamos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Que vosotros invirtis That you invest El mà ©dico sugiere que vosotros invirtis en la salud pà ºblica. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas inviertan That you/they invest La jefa espera que ellos inviertan su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Imperfect Subjunctive To conjugate the imperfect subjunctive you can start with the third person plural conjugation (ellos, ellas, ustedes) in the preterite tense (invirtieron), then remove the on, and add the imperfect subjunctive endings. There are two options to conjugate the imperfect subjunctive, shown in the tables below. Option 1 Que yo invirtiera That I invested Mi socio esperaba que yo invirtiera el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Que tà º invirtieras That you invested Tu esposo querà ­a que tà º invirtieras mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Que usted/à ©l/ella invirtiera That you/he/she invested El contador sugerà ­a que ella invirtiera en la bolsa de valores. Que nosotros invirtià ©ramos That we invested La directora esperaba que nosotros invirtià ©ramos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Que vosotros invirtierais That you invested El mà ©dico sugerà ­a que vosotros invirtierais en la salud pà ºblica. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas invirtieran That you/they invested La jefa esperaba que ellos invirtieran su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Option 2 Que yo invirtiese That I invested Mi socio esperaba que yo invirtiese el dinero en mi compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Que tà º invirtieses That you invested Tu esposo querà ­a que tà º invirtieses mucho tiempo en tu negocio. Que usted/à ©l/ella invirtiese That you/he/she invested El contador sugerà ­a que ella invirtiese en la bolsa de valores. Que nosotros invirtià ©semos That we invested La directora esperaba que nosotros invirtià ©semos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos. Que vosotros invirtieseis That you invested El mà ©dico sugerà ­a que vosotros invirtieseis en la salud pà ºblica. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas invirtiesen That you/they invested La jefa esperaba que ellos invirtiesen su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo. Invertir Imperative Most of the imperative conjugations have a spelling change, either e to ie or e to i. Conjugations vary slightly for the positive and negative commands. Positive Commands Tà º invierte Invest!  ¡Invierte tu tiempo en tu negocio! Usted invierta Invest!  ¡Invierta en la bolsa de valores! Nosotros invirtamos Let's invest!  ¡Invirtamos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos! Vosotros invertid Invest!  ¡Invertid en la salud pà ºblica! Ustedes inviertan Invest!  ¡Inviertan su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo! Negative Commands Tà º no inviertas Don't invest!  ¡No inviertas tu tiempo en tu negocio! Usted no invierta Don't invest!  ¡No invierta en la bolsa de valores! Nosotros no invirtamos Let's not invest!  ¡No invirtamos en la educacià ³n de nuestros hijos! Vosotros no invirtis Don't invest!  ¡No invirtis en la salud pà ºblica! Ustedes no inviertan Don't invest!  ¡No inviertan su tiempo en un proyecto nuevo!

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Financial Management - Essay Example The Sainsbury maintains 15 percent share in the company whom as of 2008 employs 150,000 employees. (wikipedia) Circumstances that led to downfall were due to management inefficiencies of strategies. For instance, management believed on the strength of their position in the market cannot be moved. Company made mistakes on decisions that have moved their loyal customers to competitors and erased brand loyalty to the company. These painful experiences which include wrong advertising campaign, brutal treatment of supplies, reluctance to move for quality or value and other indecisions brought down the profitability of the company for the first time. Company is always one step behind competitors (Wikipedia). Using business ratio report, this part of the study will give us n insight on the financial performance of the company against the leading players in the industry sector. This will show the trend, size of the market, growth , competitor analysis with the process of simple benchmarking and will be presented through the League of Tables. 1. Trend. Percentage of sales of Sainsbury on 5 yr period of 0.87 is higher than the industry and sector Table 1. S&P 500 has a higher benchmark but this could not be used as basis as companies in this group are not allied with supermarkets. This also shows the relative strength of Sainsbury in sales performance along with competitors. 2. Company performance. In terms of profitability (Table 7), net profit margin of Sainsbury is higher than the industry and sector both on a yearly and 5 yr average trend. These figures will lead analysts to believe that Sainsbury plc is recovering and performance is leading to growth. This should cause an alarm for both the management and investors and target efforts should be directed for correction in this area. Investors are mostly apprehensive on earnings per share, and one of the reasons for decline or rising of market trading and prices. Table 8 and 9 shows a comparison of

Finding Our Way Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Finding Our Way - Essay Example This proposal will largely reduce environmental pollution. Preserving land for environmental reasons may result into less housing issues but when the government sets price floor then the land’s price may hike and further make housing less affordable. As a result, the article proposes that high density housing should be encouraged to benefit builders but this idea may not be received well by the communities opposed to the higher density development. Education is another vital aspect in economic growth. Although quality education is considered important, less attention is paid to alter financial system of education. The author suggests that the issue of education may be solved by the government taking larger portion of education cost to encourage property tax saving. No Child Left Behind school scorecard should continue with its intended purpose of evaluating individual improvement. The program has failed to address challenges facing children living in poverty such as inability to learn from home because of frequent sickness and hunger . Part of the money used in this program may be used to boost education of students living in poverty. Educated immigrants maybe very useful in providing workforce that may stir the economy. Transportation is an important aspect of resource distribution and should therefore be evenly distributed. But because of inability to expand it imposed by factors such as financial constraint developing a centralized transportation location may be very useful in ensuring proper distribution of resources. Environmental pollution may hinder economic growth but since there should be economic activities going on regardless of environmental challenges, few of the activities such as housing and transportation may be allowed to ensure minimal pollution of environment. Education is another significant factor that can catapult economic growth but because it is a

What is the difference between positive economic analysis and Essay

What is the difference between positive economic analysis and normative economic analysis Give one example each of positive and normative economic issue or question or statement - Essay Example Data collection and analysis is used to assert the validity of the statement by backing up the claim made using facts. For example, inflation rate in the economy can be said to be 6%. This statement presents a fact that can actually be proven by evaluating price changes in the economy over a given period of time. In this analysis, claims made by normative statements and/or theories cannot be neither be tested nor empirically proven. Normative statements in most cases employ factual information to make economic claims, but the statements by themselves are not factual. They are therefore logical claims but lack evidence. Normative analysis encompasses high value judgment and personal beliefs. In this regard, they are hard to falsify or verify. People who make normative statements basically present their own opinions, based on their morals and standards of life (Mukherjee 19). Unemployment is better compared to inflation is an example of a normative statement. This statement has no basis of being tested. Therefore, it cannot be empirically

Choosing a Successor Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Choosing a Successor - Case Study Example Each candidate will be matched to a skill set and awarded points. Every skill earns equal points (5), but seniority/loyalty to the organization will score two points (2) for every year of service. According to the score, all candidates are nearly tied for their potential viability in the role of successor. Amanda scored the highest as a result of her tenure, however the capabilities related to solid leadership and communications (especially) are lacking. Felipe, though well-liked, lacks the fundamental skills required of professionals who are well-versed in more business practicality and understanding. Clearly, his leadership skills and human resources skills would be a credit to the position, but his experience as an administrator are lax. Tanisha, though known to be pompous and self-absorbed, managed to score highly in multiple dimensions required for the position without extra points for tenure. Tanisha is the most qualified candidate maintaining multiple competencies for this role, despite her lack of tenure. It is recommended to select Tanisha for the role due to the diversity of responsibilities required in this administrative role. Elements of her personality that are not favorable can be developed through training and consultation with superiors and through experience working in a responsibility-based position with diverse personalities. Based on all characteristics, Tanisha outperforms even those with longer

Policy provision and legislation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Policy provision and legislation - Essay Example One that brings tears into our eyes than a smile on our faces, The human race is suspicious of our own kind that we are willing to spend exorbitant sums of money on the manufacturing and buying weapons of mass destruction and whole scale genocide without even giving it a second thought but find hundreds of thousands reasons and engage in heated debates when it comes to doling out money__ which is peanuts, as compared to the money we spend on tanks, aircrafts and guns__ for the education of our future generations and especially the nursery sector. Writer 2 The politicians in their ecstatic rhetoric at conferences, seminars, public rallies and cabinet meetings give great lectures on children being our most cherished and valuable resource. In fact we refer to them as the future of our nation but when the same politicians are confronted with the question of why they hesitate in adequately investing in our ‘bright future’ are rendered speechless. Further, they are all in unis on and speak in one voice when it comes to safeguarding their privileges and the issue of increase in their salaries and other fringe benefits they are entitled to being our elected representatives but are bitterly divided into factions on questions of child care, may it be health care or education. On this issue they seek the shelter of the umbrella of cliched terms and nomenclatures such as liberals, conservatives, neo-liberals, and the neo-cons. The introduction of an authoritative book on education titled Education Policy, Process, Themes and Impact, edited by Les Bell and Howard Stevenson, begins with this pithy quote: There was a time when educational policy was taken for granted †¦ Clearly that is no longer the case: Today, educational policies are Focus of considerable controversy and public contestation†¦ Educational policy-making has become highly politicized (Olsen et al 2004: 2-3). According to Gerhardt early child rearing is of prime importance in the social a nd cultural life of UK but because of a number of factors, unfortunately, among which political, social and economic factors are predominant the trend in child care, child rearing and child Writer 3 education are not child centered as it should be but instead are work oriented and money-centered. This is the crux of her argument and the main reason for making Britain a fragmented polis. Further Gerhardt is of the firm view that the negligence on the part of all the relevant stake holders, the government, the independent agencies, the teachers and the parents is responsible in bringing UK to this stage where to use a metaphor the early child education and child rearing has been completely neglected. This criminal negligence in not performing the task that is required of each stake holder honestly and with professional integrity and in case of parents criminal in fulfilling their parental duties that UK has been unable to produce good law knowing and law abiding citizens, who on the o ne hand are unaware of their respective rights and on the other hand their duties that they owe to the society, the recent London city riots are a good example. Our educational institutions have miserably failed in producing citizens that are less of an asset and more of a nuisance and liability and thereby are the cause of tremendous tension and threaten to rend to rags the fragile fabric of our polis. The most pertinent question that needs to be answered by all those

Choosing a Successor Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Choosing a Successor - Case Study Example Each candidate will be matched to a skill set and awarded points. Every skill earns equal points (5), but seniority/loyalty to the organization will score two points (2) for every year of service. According to the score, all candidates are nearly tied for their potential viability in the role of successor. Amanda scored the highest as a result of her tenure, however the capabilities related to solid leadership and communications (especially) are lacking. Felipe, though well-liked, lacks the fundamental skills required of professionals who are well-versed in more business practicality and understanding. Clearly, his leadership skills and human resources skills would be a credit to the position, but his experience as an administrator are lax. Tanisha, though known to be pompous and self-absorbed, managed to score highly in multiple dimensions required for the position without extra points for tenure. Tanisha is the most qualified candidate maintaining multiple competencies for this role, despite her lack of tenure. It is recommended to select Tanisha for the role due to the diversity of responsibilities required in this administrative role. Elements of her personality that are not favorable can be developed through training and consultation with superiors and through experience working in a responsibility-based position with diverse personalities. Based on all characteristics, Tanisha outperforms even those with longer

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Management Accounting - Essay Example The method emphasizes on the total costs incurred and the cost volume profits of the relationship are not considered. As far as the decision provided by the accountant, it is solely based on absorption costing. It is imperative to note that a major part of the costs of the two products are due to fixed overheads and administrative expenses. Moreover, these expenses are incurred even if the production of these two products is dropped. Hence a better costing method has to be adopted to effectively allocate the overheads. The two methods suited for Rothfield Plc are activity based costing and marginal costing. Activity Based Costing: ABC is a modern accounting system in which the expenses and overheads are segregated based on the functions of the organisation, which is followed by allocation of the costs to each of the items in respect to the volume of the activity (Kaplan & Anderson, 2007). The use of ABC costing allows the company to accurately assign the costs for all the activities of each of the product or service (Drury, 2005). Rothfield Plc can allocate the fixed overheads based on the usage of these resources by the various production processes. Marginal Costing or Variable Costing: Marginal Costing provides a clear explanation of the impact of changes in volume of output on the profits and the changes on the profits. There is also a clear differentiation between the fixed and variable costs as well. As explained by Dyson (2007), the fixed costs are never charged to the production and instead the fixed costs are treated as period charges. Hence Rothfield Plc can adopt this method to estimate the potential profits effectively. The total labor hours required to meet the estimated production levels are slightly higher (by 333 hours). Hence, it is evident that some of level of production of either one or some of the products has to be reduced. It is essential that whatever the production combination, the contributions from the sales are significant

Lyme, the Silent Killer Essay Example for Free

Lyme, the Silent Killer Essay Lyme disease is disease transmitted by the deer tick also known as the black legged tick. It is caused by an infection called Borrelia Burgdorferi which is a type of bacterium called a spirochete. The deer tick can transmit the spirochetes to humans and other animals causing them to become infected with Lyme disease. Lyme disease first begins as a multi system inflammatory disease which first attacks the skin in the localized stage, then spreads to the joints the nervous system and other organ systems. If the Lyme disease is diagnosed early it can be treated with antibiotics, but it does depend on the progression of the diseases among the patient. Often the tick must be attached to your body for 24 36 hours to spread the bacteria to your blood. The spirochete is injected from the victims skin into the bloodstream establishing itself in various body tissues. After an incubation period of 3 to 32 days, the organism migrates outward in the skin, is spread through the lymphatic system or is disseminated by the blood to different body organs or other skin sites. Lyme disease was first described in 1909 in European medical journals. The first outbreak in the United States occurred in the early 1970s in Old Lyme, Connecticut. An unusually high incidence of juvenile arthritis in the area led scientists to investigate and identify the disorder. In 1981, Dr. Willy Burgdorfer identified the bacterial spirochete organism (Borrelia Burgdorferi) which causes this disorder. Lyme disease is known to be the number one arthropod disease is the United States occurring in 48 of the 50 states and up to 12,000 cases of Lyme disease diagnosed annually. Lyme disease is has three stages which are early localized disease with skin inflammation, early disseminated disease with heart and nervous system involvement, including palsies and meningitis, and the last stage of the disease called later disseminated which causes motor and sensory nerve damage and brain inflammation as well arthritis. The first stage is called Localized Lyme disease and in this early phase of the illness, within days to weeks of the tick bite, the skin around the bite develops an expanding ring of unraised redness. There may be an outer ring of brighter redness and a central area of clearing, leading to a bulls-eye appearance, the rash also has a warm to touch feeling .The first rash seen on the patient is called erythema migrans. The redness of the skin is often accompanied by flu-like symptoms which may include fever, chills, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, swollen lymph nodes and headache. Sometimes these more serious symptoms develop without the person ever having had a rash. The redness resolves, without treatment, in about a month. Weeks to months after the initial redness of the skin, the bacteria spread throughout the body and can begin affecting the joints, heart, and nervous system. The later phases of Lyme disease can affect the heart, and cause inflammation of the heart muscle. This can result in abnormal heart rhythms and heart failure. The nervous system can develop facial muscle paralysis also known as Bells palsy, abnormal sensation due to disease of peripheral nerves which is also known as peripheral neuropathy, meningitis, and confusion. Arthritis, or inflammation in the joints, begins with swelling, stiffness, and pain. Usually, only one or a few joints become affected, most commonly the knees. The arthritis of Lyme disease can look like many other types of inflammatory arthritis and can become chronic. Lyme disease occurs in wooded areas with populations of mice and deer which carry ticks, and can be contracted during any season of the year. The medication used for adults with Lyme disease the antibiotic tetracycline is the drug of choice. Penicillin V and erythromycin have also been used in children. Penicillin V is now recommended for neurological abnormalities. It is not yet clear whether antibiotic treatment is helpful later in the illness when arthritis is the most predominant symptom. Treatment should be started as soon as the rash appears. A clear diagnosis of Lyme disease can be tricky, and often relies on information the patient and through process of elimination the Doctor will be able to out rule other conditions. Lyme disease and its symptoms often mimic many other diseases which target multi body systems such as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis. Doctors will perform a specific blood test called Enzyme Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA) which can detect antibodies present of Lyme disease. Results of this test may be inaccurate if patients have had antibiotics soon after contracting Lyme disease, or in those who have weakened immune systems. SOURCES 1.American Lyme disease foundation. (2006, April). Retrieved from http://www.aldf.com/lyme.shtml 2.American College of Physicians. (2012). Lyme disease- A patients guide. Retrieved from

Denition Of Baby Dumping Theology Religion Essay

Denition Of Baby Dumping Theology Religion Essay The issues of the baby dumping become a contemporary issues that never decrease in term of their quantity. Nowadays, this issues become more worse compared to previous years. We can say that, the baby dumping activities always happening almost everyday. According to the Headquarters of Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM), they stated that, the meaning of the baby dumping is the act of leaving away their babies at the any places without taking care of that babies. According to the Community, Family and Women Ministry, the issues of baby dumping already had achieved almost to thousand per a year. This cases become a hot and big topic around malaysians people. Many parties had already discussing about this problem that commonly happen in Malay communities. The question that we should always asking is, why this problems always happen toward our teenagers? According to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia it define baby dumping as a social problem that happen when the mother of the baby want to abondent or have willing to leave their children in public or private places with the intent to dispose their baby without have heart to take care their babies. Usually this kind of cases happened when the mother of the baby have giving birth to the unwanted babies. Thus, to cover all their mistakes, they take a drastic way by dispose their own babies. Besides that, the Wikipedia also defined baby dumping as a rejecting and throwing a baby away after the mother of the baby have giving a birth and exposeing their baby with the danger in a means to make sure their baby death. In addition, according to Kamus Dewan Edisi 4, page 208, the term dumping give a means throw, delete and remove while the meaning for the word baby is a newborn child by the mother. If we combined the meaning of the baby dumping, it give to us a deep meaning as a dumped or eliminate the innocent child to everywhere without have any humane nature. The meaning that was given by the dictionary give a more and better understand about the issues that was always happened and occured in our country. Besides that, baby dumping also can be defined as when a pair of irresponsible parent either already married or not make a decision to just abandon their unwanted baby in unfavorable places such as dumpstair, abondan places even in front of other houses. ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO CURB THE BABY DUMPING Some of the steps that was taken by the parties either by government, parent and school cannot brought a successfull method in order to overcome this kind of issue. Therefore, it is important to discuss the alternative ways in order to curb this baby dumping problems. GOVERNMENT The other alternatives that government shall take is set up the DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) Bank. It is was proposed by Selangor police, Chief Datuk Khalid Abu Bakar in year 2010. In Malaysia, using DNA Bank to solve the crime cases like baby dumping is a one of the new approach. The DNA Bank will give a lot of benefict for the police by facilitate their investigation. For baby dumping cases, DNA Bank can trace the parents that abandoned their newborn babies because DNA Bank will keep the DNA of all newborn babies. Thus, any person that abandoned their babies will easily to get trace by the police. Besides the baby dumping cases, DNA Bank also can help the police in other crime cases, like murder, robbery cases and so on. Eventhough this facilities will give alot of benefit to solve the crime issues, but it may going to take a time and need a lot of cost to build this facilities in our country. However, it still become a best solution to address cases that related with baby dumping p roblems. Second alternatives that government can take in action is reconstruct the syllabus. The present syllabus that our children used today is good enough to them become acknowledgeable person but there are leakage in creating an awareness to our children regarding the sexual relationship. Thus, government should reconstruct or add the syllabus in certain subject like in Pendidikan Islam and Pendidikan Moral. The element that can create and rise the awareness and could highlight the consequences of social problem like free sex and baby dumping should be emphasized. Besides reconstruct the syllabus, the government also should exterminate the pornographic material either from internet or in form of electronic multimedia. This kind of things will influence the teenager to do a bad thing easily if the immediate and the drastic step did not take by the government. Nowadays, teenagers can access this pornographic material by using the internet so government should block all this matter from ente r to our country. Set a strict rule also can be taken by government in order to overcome this cases. The promotion of islam as a way of life also can be a excellent alternative to reduce the number of baby dumping statistic because the majority person that involved in baby dumping cases are muslim youth. Therefore, the government can hired the islamic scholar or ulama to take a reesponsible to explain and have a some talk about the religion to our young generation. Beside that, when there is a program or when there is a national celebration, the government could invited the religious person or motivator to motivate our citizen instead of invite the singer to organise their concert. One of the politician in our country had said that, one of the reason why the baby dumping in our country increase for every year is due to the entertaiment that they easily to get. Too entertaimnet that didnot give any benefit for them will cause them to get chances involve in social problem. Other than that, government also should give a support for NGO activities. One of the method that NGO organised t o overcome this problem is by providing baby hatch. The baby hatch was get supported by our Ministry of Women, Family Community development. The function of baby hatch is to help the women especially the young women that need help from abandoning their babies by providing place for them to leave their unwanted babies instead of throwing them in unsuitable places. Thus, this baby hatch should be build in other state so that this problem can resolved. SCHOOL School plays important role to help in curbing the baby dumping problem among the teenagers. The first alternative that the school should do is increase the knowledge and social skill among the teenagers. The teacher should not just teach the students about the knowledge in textbook, but they also should have iniciative to teach the student about the general knowledge including the sexuality issues. The students should know how worse the social problem that just happening in our country. They also should have some knowledge how to take care themselve from being trapping in free sex and also baby dumping cases. Besides that, the teenagers also need some skill to make decision about when they should initiate with sex, with whom and under what circumstances they should know about the sex. Besides the knowledges, school also should provided the martial art class. This martial art class is important to teenager to have a some skill to defence them from be a victim in sexuality issue. The second alternative is school should offer reproductive health service and contraception. Normally, the facilities was only exist in public and private family planning clinic. Thus, the teenagers that have some problem in sexuality relationship may feel embarrassed due to the perception of cammunity toward them. We should take some example from United State, they also offer reproductive health in school to give their students the knowledges regarding with the sexual relationship. By providing this service in school, the students can use it to get counseling session regarding with their sexuality relationship. To overcome the baby dumping issues, besides give counseling, the service also can organise communication program for parents and teen to discuss about the teenagers problem in sex education. It is important to enhance the teens sense of personal development and to parent in knowing about their children problems. The third method that the school can do is by applying the sex education to their students. Sex education in school is a better option to overcome this problem. But, many parties may have a wrong perception toward the objective of sex education in school. actually, it is not the teacher teach the student about how to have a safe free sex, but the objective of sex education are to provide the awareness to the students and let them to have a better understanding of reproductive system and health. It is important to provide the students especially female students about the consequences of having a relationship with a boy in a early stage. Beside that, sex education could give the extra knowledge and tend to reduce the number of unprotected sexual intercourse and also illegal pregnancy. We should learn from Singapore, they addressed the issues much better and faster than us. Now, the sex education was formally taught in upper primary school until the pre university level. The objective t hat Singapore emphasized regarding the sex education are to building the teenagers that mature and be responsible with their own body. PARENT Parents play a high role to teach their kids to become good in their own behavior. Thus, the role of parent in curbing the baby dumping need to address very well. First of all, the parent should openly discussed about the sex education with their children. Eventhough the topic about the sex education is still taboo to aur culture, but it is important to prevent the teenage to get the wrong information about sex from wrong sources. Parents always refuse and opposed to discuss about the sex with their children and leave the respnsible to the teacher only. Thus, the parent should take their own role to reduce the number of baby dumping in our country. The parent should have initiative to story the consequences of being in a relationship in an early stage to their children. The children should know how they should respect their own body by not letting any men touch their body without have any legal relationship. Beside that, if the children asking the questions, the parent should provide the actual answer to their children. They should not give a wrong answer because the children may have cinfusing in understanding that topic. Second alternative that the parent could taken is supervise their children activities. Parent should know very well about what their children do and with who their children befriend. If necessary, parent should control their children when they frequently love to hangout with their friend instead of staying at home. Once, before egulate all their children activities including their children social life, but now parents is different. They believe that their children can manage their life very well even without their parent guide. They also should firm their childrem activities relating with the activities that do not good for their life. Sometimes, parents did not give a full attention to their children because of too much spending with their work. Thus, the children feel boring staying at home by themselve and finally take a decision to hangout with their friends that tend to involve in social problem. So, parent should spent their time with their children in order to understand their children behaviour and problems.

The Effect of Technology Over Time :: Personification Essays

The Effect of Technology Over Time It's amazing to see how times have changed. Since I am an old schoolhouse, I've seen a lot of changes within the last 80 years. There have been little changes within me such as new wallpapering and windows, but this isn't all about me. Technology in education has really startled me. I never thought technology would have advanced this far. I still have to laugh to myself every so often. Kids now-a-days talk about how hard school is and how hard their teachers are on. However, I know differently. December 1920-- It's a cold, cloudy winter day. Boys and girls from all over the city are fighting the snow as they come up my wooden steps to the cold hallway. Overcoats and boats are drying as they are stacked against the wall. Kindergarten to fourth grade inhabits three small rooms, which are heated by a radiator. The main source of heat comes from a coal stove that is centrally located in the middle of the building. A little boy stokes the stove each day before and after school. Rooms are poorly lit, especially in the winter. Oil lamps and sunshine are the only source of light. Each class is taught by a middle to elderly age woman. If she happens to get married or pregnant, this is the last time we see her. Teachers always seem to give homework unless it is a holiday or something is happening in the town. There are 8 classes a day, one of which is Penmanship. There are no pens or pencils, just ink wells. If a pen is pressed too hard, it would then splatter and turn th e whole paper black, leaving the student to re-do his/her project. April 1946-- It's a beautiful spring day just a couple years after the Great Depression and my school and peoples' lifestyles are really looking up. I'm completely heated by a furnace, and lighting has never been better, thanks to the installation of light bulbs. Wooden pencils have become popular, leaving ink wells a thing of the past. Some of the more fortunate people have automobiles now, which provides some kids with an easy way to school. While my life was improving, a schoolhouse, up the road about two hours, seemed to be stuck back in 1800's.

Wealth and Power in the United States

Wealth and Power in the United States Hugo Lindgren Chief Editor New York Time Magazine [email  protected] com This letter is to inform the public of how social class division is related to the concentration of wealth in the United States and support the need to redistribute wealth in America. Today our communities are divided by social class poor citizens live in poor areas of the community while citizens who make more money live in better areas of the community. Social class determines a great deal about citizens circumstances.Circumstances like education, health care, shelter, food and clothing. Generally the wealthiest or privileged citizens only associate themselves with other citizens who are in the same social class. The same concept comes into play with the middle, working and poor class. Today the top 1 percent is increasing in wealth while the middle and working class are decreasing. This inequality of wealth in America is becoming more and more of a problem for the middl e and working class. Wealth is the positive value of what a citizen owns. For example if a citizen owns a house the bank ay own half of the house until the loan is paid off but whatever the value is of the other half is how much wealth the citizen has from the house. Redistribution of wealth is raising taxes on citizens that have already made it to provide relief for the ones who haven’t. The Class theories best describes the distribution of wealth because it breaks down how the wealth is broken up amongst citizens of the United States. The rich have done much better than the middle or working class. The Top 1 percent had 22. 9 percent of national income in 2006 a number that hasn’t been matched since 1929 said CBS News Jeff Green inAmerica’s Class Warfare. While a citizen from the top 1 percent has already achieved success, wealth and power. The middle and working class has not and with a constant increase in cash flow for the wealthy and a constant decrease in cash flow for the less fortunate come a concern for those in public office. President Obama proposes lowering taxes for the less fortunate and a small increase for the citizens who have achieved success with wealth and power. However, other Officials have opposed President Obama’s approach to redistributing wealth.Mitt Romney stated â€Å"I think it’s about envy, I think it’s about class warfare When you have a president encouraging the idea of dividing America based on 99 percent vs. 1 percent those people who have been most successful will be in the 1 percent you’ve opened up a whole new wave of approach to this country which is entirely inconsistent with concept of one nation under god†. President Obama insists that by helping others will spread the wealth by having the rich pay a little more taxes so the middle class receive a tax credit because the middle class needs it most (Obama, 08).President Obama stated â€Å"I believe in redistributio n at least at a certain level to make sure that everybody’s got a shot† Everyone has the chance to maintain a roof over their heads and send their kids to college. Everybody that works hard can make it. Social class segregation is visible in all 52 states of America. Upper, middle and working classes have their own geographical residential areas within communities. Ethnic segregation begins within the social class groups because the majority of working and poor classes of Americans are minorities. The high class and elites are mostly white Americans.Therefore, geographically America is in fact more divided by this social class system. In 2006 10 percent of whites have been recorded as being below the poverty line while 24 percent of blacks remain below the poverty line (Harrison & Dye, 2010). In 2010 the top 1 percent had a 35. 4 percentage over the bottom 80 percent with 11. 1 percent of total net worth (Domhoff, 2005). However, it is this system that provides Amer ica with the unique opportunity that people from all over the world are drawn to. The fact that in America if you work hard and play by the rules you can reap he rewards by becoming successful and climbing up the social class ladder. Power in America is achieving higher education, owning property, financial freedom, maintaining a good credit. Power is measured by materialistic items such as expensive cars, jewelry, clothing, electronics, Vacations. It was William Thompson who said â€Å"Our position in the social hierarchy affects our health, happiness, and even how long we will live† (Thompson, 2005) Reference Harrison, B, C &Dye, T. R. (2011) Power and society: An introduction to the social sciences (12th Edition) Boston, Ma G.William Domhoff, September, 2005 retrieved October 15 2012 from http://www2. ucsc. Edu /who rules america/power/wealth. html Jeff Green (2006) America’s Class Warfare retrieved October 15 2012 form http:// www. youtube. Com /watch? v=bGS2G7 9IxTc&feature=fvst Mitt Romney Quote retrieved October 15, 2012 from http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=5wtLKcAU4wQ Barrack Obama Retrieved October 15, 2012 from http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=BRPbCSSXyp0 Obama Loyola University, C-SPAN October 19, 1998. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=z0PUUpa5X4E William Thompson, Joseph Hickey, Society in Focus, 2005